This work was the first to introduce the notion of time hierarchy in non-equilibrium statistical physics which then became the key concept in all further development of the statistical theory of irreversible processes. In other words, he showed that depending on the choice of the time scale for the corresponding approximations the same stochastic process can be regarded as both dynamical and, and in the general case as a non-Markov process. In his work a simple example of an evolving under the force of the form as a superposition of incoherent sinusoidal oscillations with continuous spectrum was used to show that depending on a specific approximation time scale the evolution of the system can be either deterministic, or a stochastic process satisfying, or even a process which is neither deterministic nor stochastic. In the period 1943–1946, Bogolyubov's resesarch was essentially concerned with the theory of and asymptotic methods. Theoretical physicists working in the department in that period included, and other physicists.
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